Research
These papers explain the methods behind our games in technical detail: how outcomes are drawn, how every published return figure is computed and tested, and where our tools make approximations. Each one is written by the DiceGem team from the games' own code. The figures themselves live on the fairness page and in our open data.
Computing Return to Player Exactly
Every casino-style game on DiceGem declares the return to player of each bet, and its tests recompute that figure from the game's own rules before the site can be built. This paper describes the declaration, the counting methods for each game family, the conventions behind the numbers, and why some games publish no single figure.
Exact Hold Analysis in Video Poker
A five-card video poker hand can be held in 32 ways, and the best one depends on the paytable. This paper describes how DiceGem counts every possible draw for every hold, and how an inclusion-exclusion table turns the same counting into the exact return of a whole game over all 2,598,960 deals.
Random Number Generation in DiceGem Games
Every shuffle, roll and spin on DiceGem comes from one small, deterministic generator that is seeded from the browser's cryptographic random source. This paper describes the seed, the generator, how its output becomes cards and dice, the size of the remaining bias, and the tests that keep game rules from using any other source of chance.
The Blackjack Strategy Solver and Its Limits
DiceGem offers many blackjack variants, each with its own deck and rules. One solver computes the expected value of every decision for all of them: it powers the in-game Hint button, the bots and the published strategy charts. This paper describes the model, the dealer and player calculations, and the approximations that keep the main bet of these games from carrying an exact published figure.